Herald of LUTE. Economic sciences

STRATEGIC GUIDELINES OF THE STATE POLICY OF STRENGTHENING THE FOREIGN TRADE SECURITY OF THE REGIONS OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF POST-WAR RECOVERY

R. L. Lupak — 2025-05-20

Strengthening foreign trade security has become particularly important in times of war, since it is foreign economic activity that is able to ensure the proper level of stability and integration of the national economy into the global system in conditions of exhaustion of internal resources and insufficiency of available reserves for full-fledged protection and conducting active military operations. The article emphasizes the critical changes in the economy of Ukraine since the beginning of the war, which requires the authorities of different levels to implement new approaches to managing the national economy. The war forced the reconstruction of the national economy, which was especially noticeable at the regional level. In the conditions of war and post-war recovery, strengthening foreign trade security became especially important, which is considered a key aspect of ensuring economic stability and its recovery. It is emphasized that the regional level is a key link in the system of ensuring the country’s economic stability, because it is the regions that are able to respond promptly to challenges, preserve and activate export potential. Accordingly, the state policy of strengthening foreign trade security should become the basis for the formation of economically stable regions that are able to withstand challenges and create conditions for post-war recovery. Recommendations are formulated for the development and implementation of the state policy of strengthening foreign trade security of regions in order to ensure the stable development of Ukraine’s foreign trade. Based on relevant arguments, the basic strategic guidelines of the state policy of strengthening the foreign trade security of regions in Ukraine include such areas as diversification of markets and commodity groups, growth of export potential, reduction of import dependence, modernization of logistics and transport infrastructure, improvement of customs control and regulation, financial and investment support for foreign trade, development of international cooperation and partnership. Specific recommendations are proposed for the practical implementation of these guidelines, taking into account the peculiarities of the development of the regional economy and the need to create conditions for post-war recovery.

MARKETING STRATEGY FOR PROMOTING EDUCATIONAL SERVICES AS A MEANS OF FORMING THE BRAND OF AN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

A. V. Kosenko — 2025-05-20

To date, the problem of marketing promotion of agricultural universities remains insufficiently researched. Many higher educational institutions of agricultural orientation use outdated advertising methods and do not pay attention to the formation of their own brand, which negatively affects their competitiveness. The article is devoted to the analysis of modern approaches to the marketing promotion of educational services of agricultural universities.The strategic directions of market promotion of educational services of agricultural universities are formed and analyzed in detail. The key aspects of the formation of a positive image and brand of an educational institution through the use of effective marketing strategies are investigated. The importance of branding for higher educational institutions of agricultural profile, as well as the role of marketing communications in attracting applicants, strengthening the reputation of the university and increasing competitiveness in the educational market, are considered. The authors emphasize the importance of applying a comprehensive approach to marketing promotion, including digital marketing, social media, corporate social responsibility and partnerships with agricultural businesses. The specifics of the target audience of agricultural universities, its needs and motivational factors when choosing an educational institution are also analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of innovative marketing strategies, including content marketing, SEO optimization, video marketing, and student and graduate loyalty activities. The features, forms and methods of using digital methods of market promotion of educational services are considered in detail. Based on the analysis, recommendations are offered to improve the effectiveness of marketing strategies in the field of education, aimed at improving the recognition of agricultural universities and creating a long-term brand. The conducted research can be useful for heads of higher education institutions, marketing specialists, teachers and researchers in the field of educational management and marketing.

MANAGEMENT OF REAL INVESTMENTS IN COMPANIES

O. O. Trut — 2025-05-20

In the current conditions of the global economy and market competition, the management of real investments in companies is of particular importance. The main task of real investment management is to ensure maximum efficiency of investments, which is impossible without the joint work of business strategy and investment decisions. This article discusses the key aspects of real investment management, analyzes modern methods of investment project evaluation and management, and explores the necessary tools to achieve success in this area. First of all, it is important to understand that real investments are investments in assets that are physical objects, such as buildings, equipment and technologies. Managing such investments requires taking into account a variety of factors, including the economic situation, innovation, competitive environment and regulatory requirements. One of the key components of managing real investments is strategic planning, which allows a company to prioritize its development and allocate resources efficiently. Risk assessment is another important aspect of investment management. In the face of uncertainty caused by economic fluctuations or political changes, companies need to develop strategies to minimize potential losses. Methods such as sensitivity analysis, scenario analysis, and risk monitoring can help create a more informed investment environment. іn addition, the article discusses modern tools and techniques. Practical cases of successful investment projects demonstrate a variety of management approaches. The article analyzes examples from various sectors of the economy, from manufacturing to services, providing valuable lessons for managers and entrepreneurs. Overall, managing real investments in companies is a complex process that requires the integration of various tools and strategies.Effective investment management not only increases the company's competitiveness but also contributes to sustainable economic growth. The article aims to provide theoretical and practical knowledge for professionals in the field of finance, management and strategic development, as well as to promote understanding of the importance of competent investment management in the modern market.

FORMATION OF A SAFETY-ORIENTED MANAGEMENT CULTURE IN THE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AS A CONDITION FOR ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: DIRECTIONS, MEASURES, AND FRAMEWORK

L. M. Shymanovska-Dianych — 2025-05-20

Traditional approaches to managing educational institutions are gradually losing their effectiveness in the new reality. They are being replaced by new management paradigms, among which safety-oriented management occupies a special place – an approach that puts the preservation of life, mental health, social cohesion and systemic resilience at the center of management decisions. In modern conditions, safety culture in the educational environment is considered not only as a set of procedures and rules, but as a system of values, beliefs and behavioral patterns that support the safe functioning of an educational institution. The basis of a culture of safety-oriented management is an institutionalized concern for the physical, emotional, social and digital well-being of all participants in the educational process. The purpose of the article is to analyze the concept of safety-oriented management in educational institutions and determine its role in achieving sustainable development goals. The study examines international and Ukrainian practices of implementing this approach, including policies, organizational strategies, and educational initiatives. Key directions for integrating a safety culture into the educational institution management system are identified, along with the impact of this system on the educational environment, social sustainability, and institutional capacity. It is proven that safety-oriented management is not just a response to modern challenges but a strategic foundation for the development of high-quality, inclusive, and secure education. Practical recommendations for implementing relevant measures are proposed, and a framework integrating key elements of a safety culture into the educational management system is developed. The article emphasizes the systemic effect of safety initiatives, highlighting their contribution to the development of resilient communities and the formation of citizens capable of recovery and innovation. It is concluded that safety-oriented management in education not only meets modern challenges, but also sets new guidelines for the transformation of managerial practices towards humane, sustainable, and future-oriented development.

THE IMPACT OF THE “E-ROBOTA” PROGRAM GRANTS UNDER THE “OWN BUSINESS” TRACK ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UKRAINE

M. Ya. Kobelia-Zvir — 2025-05-20

The article examines the results of the implementation of the government program “E-Robota” under the “Own Business” track as a financial support tool for micro and small enterprises in Ukraine amid full-scale war, economic instability, and post-war recovery. Launched in July 2022, the program aims to stimulate self-employment, support business start-ups and development, and create new jobs across all regions of Ukraine, including frontline areas. The purpose of the study is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the impact of the grant mechanism on the dynamics of entrepreneurial activity in the country, to identify sectoral, regional, and temporal characteristics of the program’s implementation, and to determine the key barriers affecting the effective utilization of grant resources. The methodological framework of the research combines elements of statistical analysis, comparative methods, and expert evaluation, based on generalized data from the Center for Development “CHAS ZMIN” and official sources of the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine. The study presents aggregated statistical data on the number of grants issued, funding volumes, and the number of jobs created during 2022-2025. As of March 2025, more than 22,000 microgrants had been issued, totaling UAH 5.3 billion, which facilitated the creation of over 46,000 new jobs. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the sectoral composition of supported businesses, particularly in trade, food services, services, light industry, and processing sectors. The study identifies key challenges in the program’s implementation, including: low awareness among applicants, difficulties in preparing business plans, strict job creation requirements, restrictions on eligible expenditures, and the lack of systematic post-grant monitoring. Based on these identified issues, the article presents a table of common challenges, their consequences, and practical recommendations for improving the program at institutional and regulatory levels. The article emphasizes the strategic importance of the “Own Business” program within the framework of national policy for entrepreneurship support and substantiates the feasibility of its further scaling. This includes the involvement of regional support platforms, flexible expenditure models, tailored conditions for various types of businesses, and stronger partnerships between government agencies, business associations, and advisory structures. The practical results of the study can be used in developing an updated concept for stimulating self-employment and the growth of small businesses in the context of Ukraine’s economic transformation.

TRENDS AND EFFECTIVENESS OF EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION SYSTEM UNDER CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW

O. V. Kolyanko — 2025-05-20

This study examines the theoretical foundations of motivation within the management of modern organizations, emphasizing the analysis of effective personnel performance during wartime. It describes existing motivational strategies and explores functions that stimulate work behavior and enhance motivation in times of war. The management and motivation systems in Ukraine are not adapted to the radical changes of the present day. The need for psychological support in organizational management plays a crucial role. This represents a significant innovation for Ukraine; however, the issue of effective organizational functioning cannot be resolved if psychologists solely assist employees in addressing individual psychological and socio-psychological issues.Studying the dynamics of the current incentive mechanism and the material orientation of employees helps enterprises identify more effective methods of influence to achieve maximum returns from higher productivity, employment, and improved satisfaction of needs. The existing forms and methods of labor motivation are no longer able to meet the demands of modern enterprise operations, as there is often a lack of correlation between employee motivation, labor productivity, and final production outcomes. The imperfection of the material and moral incentive mechanism reduces labor discipline, creative activity, and qualification levels. Developing a system of incentives and motives leads to increased employee interest in performance results. During crisis periods, such as wars and social instability, psychological restructuring and heightened sensitivity to external influences occur not only in professional training but also in personal life. This often leads to disturbances in internal equilibrium and the emergence of new problems. An original interpretation of the concept of effective personnel performance and its motivation under martial law conditions is proposed. Despite conducted research, certain aspects of the issue concerning the formation of the material basis for labor incentives remain insufficiently explored. Based on a thorough analysis, it is concluded that effective personnel performance entails the efficient work of each individual, from management to staff, with motivational factors playing a significant role.

IDENTIFICATION OF RISKS IN THE FIELD OF INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT REGULATION OF ECONOMIC PROCESSES IN THE TRADE INDUSTRY

V. B. Hryniv — 2025-05-20

The article is devoted to solving the urgent scientific and applied problem of identifying risks in the field of innovation and investment regulation of economic processes in the trade industry as well as finding ways to prevent them and ensure effective post-war recovery of the Ukrainian economy. The insufficient perfection of the methods of innovation and investment regulation of economic processes in the field of trade to ensure effective post-war recovery of the economy is determined. It is found that this leads to the emergence of a number of risks, in particular (1) the taxation model does not provide effective stimulation of innovation and investment activity; (2) the issue of state insurance of risks of innovation and investment activity remains unregulated; (3) there are no significant developments in the reconstruction of objects of innovation infrastructure destroyed or damaged as a result of hostilities; (4) the criteria for determining the priority for state investment in industry innovations in areas where intellectual potential has been preserved and the scientific and technological basis for innovative development has been developed in the pre-war years are too narrow; (5) underdeveloped venture business does not provide a modern level of investment support for entrepreneurial and industry innovations; (6) the organizational and legal complexity of innovation transfer procedures remains, which hinders the commercialization of their results; (7) cooperation of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises in innovation projects has low attractiveness for investors, limiting the spread of world experience in financing innovative development. It is shown that despite the partial compensation of these risks as a result of the results of state regulation of economic processes, crisis conditions do not allow us to consider regulatory measures sufficient. It is proposed to use a mechanism to guarantee investor protection, namely the introduction of macroeconomic regulatory levers aimed at the necessary rates of economic growth. The following studies are recommended in the direction of analyzing the components of innovation and investment risk that are most important for the post-war reconstruction of the sectors of the Ukrainian economy.

TRANSFORMATION OF FINANCIAL AND CREDIT RELATIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITIZATION OF BANKING ACTIVITIES

D. O. Biryuk — 2025-05-20

The article explores the transformation of mechanisms for the formation of value, supply, and consumption of financial and credit products in the modern financial and digital space. The impact of digital technologies on the interaction system of financial relations participants, in particular the re-coordination of relations between them, is considered. Changes in the value creation process, the reduction of guarantees of traditional financial and credit institutions, and the transfer of responsibility for decisions to the participants in financial transactions themselves are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the digitalization of banking activities as one of the main trends in the transformation of the financial system. The main driving forces of this transformation are considered, including the digitalization of capital and service markets, the growing role of information, the development of information technologies, the need to update the bank's operating model, changing customer needs, and the proliferation of mobile applications. The article also analyzes the advantages of mobile banking, digital banks, neobanks and their types, as well as the role of APIs in the development of digital banking. Trends such as open banking and Banking-as-a-Service (BaaS) are considered. It is determined that in the financial and digital space, the banking system retains a significant role in financial development but is undergoing serious structural and technological changes due to technological progress and changing customer needs. To meet these needs, banks must introduce financial innovations that provide new opportunities for value creation through the personalization of bank-customer relations. The expansion and improvement of the list of services based on interaction with consumers of banking services stimulate the processes of financial inclusion and ensure the financialization of all spheres of clients' lives. A feature of the relationship between the bank and customers – consumers of banking services in the financial and digital space is a close connection, when banking services are built into the full life of customers; instantaneity, simplicity, convenience, personalization and compliance with the characteristics of the needs of a particular client in terms of volume, cost, repayment method, and term of provision of banking services.

PECULIARITIES OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF HIGH-TECH STARTUPS FUNCTIONING

O. І. Tymkovych — 2025-05-20

The article investigates the features of the organizational and economic mechanism of functioning of high-tech startups as a component of the innovation economy. The main purpose of the article is to identify and analyze the features of the organizational and economic mechanism of functioning of domestic high-tech startups and develop recommendations for its improvement. The relevance of solving this scientific problem is as follows is that the effective functioning of high-tech startups depends on the availability of an effective organizational and economic mechanism, that provides an optimal combination of resources, management processes and institutional support. The study of the peculiarities of the organizational and economic mechanism for the functioning of high-tech startups is carried out in the following sequence: the peculiarities of the functioning of high-tech startups in Ukraine, and the types of barriers that stand in the way of the successful functioning of high-tech startups in Ukraine, based on analysis of literature sources, different approaches to the definition of the concept of “organizational and economic mechanism”. The main differences between the organizational and economic mechanism of high-tech startups from traditional enterprises are researched as well as the model of the ecosystem of a high-tech startup and the components of the organizational and economic mechanism of its functioning. Considered structural elements of the mechanism, in particular strategic planning, sources of financing, management models and the role of intellectual capital. It is recommended to improve the efficiency of the organizational and economic mechanism of high-tech startups in Ukraine, which should include the development of a state strategy to support of startups, creation of favorable regulatory environment, improving the level of education and training in the field of innovation and entrepreneurship as well as promoting the development of startup support infrastructure. In the course of the research, the following research methods were used: general scientific methods such as the method of modeling, analysis and synthesis, the method of comparison, historical and logical methods. The results of the study may be useful for scientists, entrepreneurs, as well as for the formation of public policy in the field of technological entrepreneurship support.

INTEGRATED INVESTMENT CLIMATE AS A POLICY TOOL FOR INCREASING THE POTENTIAL FOR EXPANDING THE SCALE OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ON THE GLOBAL MARKET

B. B. Semak — 2025-05-20

In the context of constant globalization changes and the need for adaptation, the ability of the national economy to respond promptly to external challenges and shocks is of great importance, in particular due to the established integrated investment climate. The article substantiates the importance of the formation of a favorable investment climate as a source of resource support for economic growth and increasing the potential for expanding the scale of economic activity in the global market. It is shown that the investment climate acts not only as a factor in attracting financial resources, but also as a complex tool that determines the efficiency of investment use, stimulates technological innovations, increases the competitiveness of the national economy and promotes integration into the world economic system. It is emphasized that the fundamental theoretical principles and a clear definition of key concepts of investment activity are a necessary basis for the formation of a strategic investment policy and the further development of scientific research in this area. The key prerequisites for the formation of the investment climate, its main components and functional impacts on the economy are systematized. Thanks to the formation of the investment climate, the prerequisites are created for the effective integration of the national economy into global production and financial chains, the attraction of foreign direct investment, technologies and know-how, and ensuring access to new sales markets. It is determined that the stability of institutions, effective public administration, transparent regulatory mechanisms and political security create the foundation for investor confidence and predictability of investment policy.It is substantiated that macroeconomic stability, developed infrastructure, competitive labor market and financial system provide favorable conditions for investment activities. It is emphasized that integration into the world economy and support for investment potential contribute to increasing the country’s global competitiveness, expanding access to international markets and attracting foreign capital. It has been scientifically proven that a favorable regulatory and legal environment, provided by transparent legislation and an independent judiciary, reduces transaction costs and stimulates the development of small and medium-sized businesses.

ISSUES IN FINANCIAL CONTROLLING OF EDUCATIONAL SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS AND OTHER BUSINESS ENTITIES

V. I. Plesha — 2025-05-20

The article addresses current challenges in financial controlling of business entities, particularly in the sphere of educational service provision in Ukraine, amid the transformation of the national education system and evolving approaches to funding. It is emphasized that effective management in such organizations relies heavily on highquality informational support for decision-making, which is ensured through financial controlling. The study examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of this discipline, identifies gaps in definitions, functions, and methods of implementation, presents both international and domestic practices, and offers an original definition of financial controlling. Special attention is given to the fact that business entities, including educational service providers, share both common and distinctive features regardless of their ownership structure. Moreover, the educational process itself is characterized by a complex structure that requires specific financial analysis and planning. The article proposes a conceptualization of financial controlling as a subsystem of general controlling, integrating functions of monitoring, analysis, planning, and adjustment of financial processes to achieve stability, efficiency, and strategic development. The paper also explores the barriers to implementing controlling in educational institutions. These include a lack of economic knowledge among management, skepticism toward the system due to the absence of immediate results, and difficulties in recruiting qualified personnel. An algorithm for integrating financial controlling into the management system is provided, along with a description of its functions and potential benefits, including improved solvency, cost optimization, and enhanced transparency in decision-making. It is noted that financial controlling in the education sector contributes to forecasting the cost of educational services, managing grant mechanisms, and identifying financial reserves. The article concludes that a systematic, phased approach to implementing financial controlling is essential, taking into account the operational realities of the business entity and the prospects for further development of its management mechanisms.

FORMATION OF THE STARTUP ECOSYSTEM IN UKRAINE: THEORETICAL BASIS, STATUS, GROWTH POTENTIALAn analysis of the current state of the startup ecosystem in Ukraine was conducted, trends in changes in indicators of innovative development of the Ukrainian econo

О. І. Kopyliuk — 2025-05-20

An analysis of the current state of the startup ecosystem in Ukraine was conducted, trends in changes in indicators of innovative development of the Ukrainian economy during the war were identified, and the growth poten- tial of the startup ecosystem was determined. The purpose of the article is to study theoretical approaches to the formation of the startup ecosystem, clarify its essence and composition in the organizational and functional aspect, analyze the state of the startup ecosystem in Ukraine in 2022–2024, and identify its growth potential. The essential criteria for a startup are supplemented by the presence of high intellectual potential of the founders and teamwork skills. It is proposed to consider the startup ecosystem as a set of organizational structures and institutions united around startups to support the generation of startup ideas, create conditions for the development of startup projects and startup compa- nies in conditions of uncertainty and risk. The functions of the startup ecosystem are substantiated. Using the Global Startup Ecosystem Index, the conditions for creating a startup ecosystem in different countries and Ukraine's place in the startup ecosystem ranking in 2022–2024 were investigated. It was revealed that 6 Ukrainian cities are in the world ranking of the top 1000 best cities for startup development in 2024. A significant level of localization of the Ukrainian startup ecosystem in a regional context has been confirmed, with the concentration of the best startups in Kyiv, and the increase in the ratings of Lviv, Kharkiv, and Odessa due to the forced migration of startups during the war. The global structure of startups by industry and the startup scene in Ukraine, which is mainly represented in software and big data, e-commerce and retail, marketing and sales, are examined. Examples of successful implementation of startup projects by industry and the amount of funds raised by them are given. Based on the dynamics of the indicators of the Global Innovation Index of Ukraine, the main problems of the development of innovative entrepreneurship and the startup ecosystem are identified. It is proposed to increase the number of startupers by stimulating the second wave of founders-employees of startups with relevant experience, popularizing the culture of startup entrepreneurship among student youth and other social groups. The opportunities of international assistance programs and European initiatives for incubation and acceleration support of Ukrainian startups, improving their financing, facilitating access to partners, markets, test beds, educational and mentoring programs were emphasized. Further research is warranted to study ways to implement the experience of startup ecosystems of countries leading in terms of innovative entrepreneurship development in the post-war recovery of the Ukrainian economy.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN ALGORITHM FOR RISK ASSESSMENT OF CHILDREN’S FOOTWEAR AS A STAGE OF PROOF OF COMPLIANCE WITH SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN THE EU

A. О. Snihur — 2025-05-20

Determination of conditions for unimpeded export of non-food products to the EU market, proof of their compliance with safety requirements, providing for identification and assessment of risks associated with the product and its use, is a timely and relevant task. The methodology for assessing the risks of an already manufactured product is presented mainly in the context of the functioning of the internal quality control system in production, rather than on analysis of consumer risk during the entire service life of the product. Therefore, the development of an algorithm for assessing the risks of children's footwear is a necessary step in the implementation of the Agreement on Conformity Assessment and Acceptability of Industrial Products for the footwear industry of Ukraine and an effective instruction for manufacturers to enter the European market. At the same time, in the future, to fulfill the potential requirements of the harmonized legislation of Ukraine to the EU legislation. The purpose of the study is to build an algorithm for conducting a risk assessment of children's footwear in accordance with EU safety requirements, using the method of analyzing risk scenarios using the risk assessment tool in the Safety Gate system (Safety Gate Risk Assessment). It is proposed to prove the compliance of children's footwear with EU safety requirements in accordance with Regulation (EU) No. 2023/988 “On General Product Safety”, in the form of a risk assessment algorithm, which includes: identifying sources of danger in children's footwear; formulating the risk; determining the severity of injury or damage; developing a scenario for causing harm; determining the probability of causing harm; determining the level of risk; documenting the risk assessment. The implementation of the proposed algorithm helps the manufacturer to ensure the appropriate level of compliance with EU safety requirements and allows: to carry out a comprehensive risk assessment associated with the production of children's footwear in accordance with EU legislation; to obtain documented analysis results with the appropriate level of justification; to integrate relevant analytical information into the technical documentation; to ensure the availability of comprehensive answers for the EU market surveillance authorities; to reduce regulatory and technical barriers that complicate the entry of products into the EU market. Subsequent studies will be devoted to generalizing the requirements and conditions for access of Ukrainian-made footwear to the EU market.

STATE REGULATION OF THE INFORMATION SPHERE IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

I. R. Bodnar — 2025-05-20

The determining factor of socio-economic growth as well as scientific and technological progress in many countries of the world and the world community as a whole is the modern informatization of all areas of human activity.A characteristic feature of this process is the circulating global information exchange. Modern social transformations involve the active participation of the State in the development of the information society and actualize the problem of scientific analysis of public administration of the information sphere.Modern science interprets public administration as a practical, organizing and regulating influence of the State on the social life of people with the aim of its ordering, preservation or transformation, based on its power. In various types of activities and diverse social roles, the state does not manage all of them, but only those manifestations, parties and relationships that are important for the whole society and relate to the realization of common needs, interests and goals. These trends have a real impact on the formation of the system of state regulation of the information sphere of any country, the search for new approaches to the functioning of the information environment and adaptation to the global information process. The information factor of social development is gaining global significance, which gives grounds to state the existence of the phenomenon of the information revolution as a result of two parallel processes: the constant growth of the role and volume of information necessary for the vital activity of society, and the improvement of technologies for its accumulation and distribution. As a result, the information sphere has been transformed into a priority sector of social life and has become one of the key objects of public administration. In this regard, the articleexamines the basic elements, key concepts and foundations of the State regulation of the information sphere in European countries. The subject matter and methods of the information sphere regulation system are analyzed, the basic elements and basic principles of the state regulation of the information sphere are characterized. Conceptual approaches to the regulation of information relations in European countries are considered.

TRANSFORMATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF HYBRID TEAMS IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY

I. Z. Savras — 2025-05-20

The article explores the peculiarities of transformational management of hybrid teams in the modern conditions of the digital economy and the realities of martial law. The purpose of the study is to comprehensively sub- stantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations and applied tools for transformational management of hybrid teams to ensure the effective operation of business organizations in conditions of high uncertainty. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the development of a multidimensional approach to the study of management practices of hybrid teams, which integrates technological, security, socio-psychological and organizational aspects of their functioning.The study reveals the complexity and multifaceted nature of management transformation processes in modern organiza- tional systems. The research has revealed that hybrid work trends are dominant, despite attempts by some companies to return to the traditional office model. The digital economy creates sustainable prerequisites for the further development of innovative formats of professional activity, which makes it impossible to completely curtail hybrid forms of work organization. It is noted that for domestic business, military aggression served as a powerful catalyst for accelerated transformation to a hybrid labor format, actualizing the urgent issues of ensuring security, mobility and continuity of business processes in the face of extreme challenges. The study systematizes the main challenges for hybrid teams in the digital economy and martial law, identifies the key competencies of managers for successful team management. The practices of Ukrainian companies are analyzed and the success factors of transformational management of hybrid teams are highlighted. A methodology for transformational management that integrates technological, communication and security tools is proposed, and an algorithm for implementing hybrid team management tools is developed. The algorithm ensures the consistency of organizational changes, adaptability to the characteristics of the enterprise and continuous development of management processes. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of scientific and methodological recommendations for the introduction of innovative approaches to the management of hybrid teams, which will increase the efficiency of organizational processes in conditions of uncertainty.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF LOCAL BUDGETS IN ENSURING REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

N. I. Vlasyuk — 2025-05-20

Financial decentralization made significant adjustments to the processes of development of the territories of Ukraine, creating conditions for expanding the fiscal space and powers of local self-government, achieving financial autonomy and stability of local budgets, transparency and efficiency of the use of their funds with an orientation to the needs of each community individually, which directly proportionally affected the growth and improvement of the stand- ard of living and well-being of the population of the regions. The peculiarities of the development of the territories of Ukraine under the conditions of financial decentralization demonstrated that when the reform was introduced, local communities faced significant financial, logistical, humanitarian and administrative problems. Most of them have a long-term nature, which negatively affects the full implementation of local decentralization and is a barrier to effective socio-economic development of the regions already in the long term. The large-scale destruction of infrastructure and shelling caused by the war, occupation, migration, reduction of economic activity and reduction of production, drop in business activity, anti-crisis measures of the government to reduce tax pressure significantly affected local budgets, especially in regions where active hostilities are taking place. In this regard, the study of local budgets of Ukraine and the analysis of the peculiarities of the formation of their incomes and expenses in the conditions of war is an extremely urgent issue that requires detailed study and is of great importance for solving the socio-economic problems of the country in wartime. The analysis of the revenues and expenditures of the local budgets of Ukraine during the war showed that, despite the fact that the beginning of the war undermined the financial and material basis of local self-government, communities in general proved that they are able to face any threats and challenges with dignity. However, despite the adaptation of local self-government to modern complex conditions and its support for the country's economy in general, there are a number of problems that may in the future affect the provision of fiscal independence and independence of local budgets and reduce the competitiveness of regions. To mitigate their impact, local authorities need to intensify cooperation with international partners (grants from international organizations or foreign governments for the implementation of certain projects) in order to obtain additional financial resources, and for the government, when calculating interbudgetary transfers, it is important to take into account that local budgets need to increase the amount of financial support or reduce spending powers.

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LABOR RESOURCES IN MODERN CONDITIONS

L. J. Voinycha — 2025-05-20

The article examines current issues of strategic management of human labor resource development in the context of Ukraine's modern economic environment. The purpose of the article is to identify key aspects of the effective utilization and development of labor potential to ensure sustainable economic growth. The study analyzes contemporary approaches to strategic management of human labor resources, which have evolved from traditional periodic planning to dynamic models that consider rapid changes in the external environment. The primary paradigm of modern management emphasizes quick decision-making and proactive responses to market challenges. Particular attention is paid to the impact of military actions on labor market indicators in 2022-2023. Mobilization into the Armed Forces, population migration, and a decrease in the unemployment rate to 5.1 thousand people (36% of the 2018 level) have resulted in a significant labor shortage. Nearly 70% of employers faced challenges related to a lack of skilled workers and skill gaps. The primary demand in the labor market remains focused on blue-collar professions. The authors highlight the necessity of implementing a comprehensive approach to strategic human labor resource management. It is proposed to regularly analyze the state of labor potential, develop motivational programs, create conditions for career advancement, and invest in employee training and retraining. This approach will enhance employee loyalty, reduce staff turnover, and ensure organizational adaptability to external changes. Future research should focus on developing innovative methods of human labor resource management that meet the current needs of the economy and the challenges of the labor market.

FEATURES OF ACCOUNTING SUPPORT FOR STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

M. M. Shygun — 2025-05-20

The article substantiates theoretical and methodological approaches to accounting and analytical support of strategic management of accounts receivable as an important prerequisite for financial stability of an enterprise. The article considers conceptual cases of recognition of receivables as a financial asset with inherent signs of impairment risk, which necessitates introduction of new management accounting tools. The need to modify the traditional mechanisms for assessing and creating provisions for doubtful debts, which are focused on events that have already occurred and do not timely reflect the level of threats of loss of some assets, served as the basis for improving the accounting methodology using analytical sections to account 361 ‘Settlements with domestic customers’. The authors have improved the model of classification of receivables based on three criteria: type of debtor (depending on strategic importance and history of cooperation), degree of documentary evidence of the debt and legal status of the liability. Based on a combination of these characteristics, a system of analytical accounts to account 361 ‘Settlements with domestic customers’ has been developed. It is proved that the use of advanced analytics allows for reliable identification of types of receivables and the formation of management information on the degree of their riskiness.A methodical approach to the creation of a reserve for doubtful debts in management accounting, based on the indicative risk coefficients determined for each classification group of receivables, is disclosed. It is emphasized that this approach allows for the gradual recognition of the risk of asset loss before the onset of delay, which contributes to increasing the relevance of management decisions, strengthening the information function of accounting and ensuring transparency in the formation of financial indicators.

INDICATORS OF EFFICIENCY OF REVERSE LOGISTICS IN THE CONDITIONS OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY

N. V. Fihun — 2025-05-20

The article substantiates the relevance of developing a system of effectiveness indicators of reverse logistics in the context of the transition to a circular economy. The rapid growth of global trade volumes, the expansion of e-commerce and the strengthening of environmental standards increase the share of return flows, while at the same time sharpening the trade-off between economic feasibility and environmental responsibility. The purpose of the study is to develop a comprehensive model for evaluating and optimizing reverse logistics, combining a number of indicators, as well as to determine strategic scenarios for integrating such processes into supply chains. The authors propose a classification of nine key return categories, detail the drivers that form the probability of their occurrence, and justify the need to predict return flows at the stage of selling the product. A set of thirteen KPIs is systematized, including: return rate, return cost, disposal and recovery rates, ADR and RIT time metrics, request processing time, refurbishment lead time, consumer satisfaction level, and environmental impact. Applying the proposed indicators enables construction of an algorithm that delivers a holistic view of the financial and ecological consequences of the corresponding decision.Based on the analysis, three principal strategic options are distinguished – in-house, joint venture, and outsourcing – with their respective advantages and risks. The practical value of the results is confirmed by the developed algorithm for optimizing reverse flows, which includes a sequence of steps from KPI identification to the PDCA cycle. Prospects for further research are associated with the empirical validation of the proposed KPI system in various industries, the integration of blockchain solutions for transparent tracking of reverse flows, and development of instruments that encourage companies to adopt reuse models. The results of the study create a theoretical and methodological basis for building sustainable, cost-effective and environmentally responsible reverse supply chains.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC APPROACH TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ACCUMULATIVE SYSTEM OF GENERALLY MANDATORY STATE PENSION INSURANCE

О. І. Kopylyuk — 2025-05-20

The article stated and analytically proved that the solidarity system of pension provision is ineffective and unable to ensure a decent standard of living of persons of retirement age in the conditions of war, economic, demographic, migration challenges and threats. It was emphasized that the second level of the pension system of Ukraine – cumulative mandatory state pension provision should become the direction of transformation of the pension system of Ukraine and combine the solidarity and cumulative system on the basis of security with a clear regulation of advantages and disadvantages, risks and dangers. The purpose of the article is to develop an organizational and economic approach to the implementation of the accumulative system of mandatory state pension insurance. It was determined that the main advantages of the introduction of accumulative pension provision are social, economic, and financial.Social means the possibility of accumulating funds in personal accounts for future payments, their diversification and capitalization due to investments in financial assets, and the growth of pension payments in the future. From an economic point of view, accumulated pension funds are a long-term investment resource for the modernization and postwar recovery of the economy. In the financial aspect, these are additional resources for the country's financial system, banking and insurance business. An organizational and economic approach to the implementation of the second, accumulative level of the pension system is proposed, which should be based on the appropriate systemic approach and contain such components as: target orientation, objects, subjects, principles, functions and the corresponding regulatory, financial, economic, information, control and security support. The principles of the organization of the accumulation system have been developed, which include the following: legality, obligation, financial stability, adequacy, target use, efficiency, transparency, social responsibility. Further research in this direction should relate to the development of mechanisms for guaranteeing and preserving pension assets in the accumulation system and assessing investment risks, the functional powers of custodians – authorized banks, investors – asset management companies, pension payment institutions – authorized insurance companies, the principles of ensuring control and security at the second level of the pension system.

INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS TO STIMULATE ONLINE TRADE MARKET IN THE CONDITIONS OF VIRTUALIZATION OF ECONOMIC PROCESSES

K. M. Kraus — 2025-05-20

The creation and use of advanced digital technologies in various spheres of socio-economic life of society requires a conscious understanding of the effects, opportunities, and challenges that these technologies can provoke.The aim of the article is to study the variety of financial instruments, services used by individuals, to study the structure of sales in the field of e-commerce, and to establish a connection between the development of the online services market and the availability of consumer services, goods. The methodological apparatus of the study includes methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, and generalization. The result of the scientific research was an analysis of the dynamics of changes in the share of the adult population that owns and uses various financial products, and services in 2021 and 2024, which made it possible to assess the level of financial and digital literacy and awareness of the population. A review of the dynamics of sales volumes in e-commerce by individual categories of consumer goods in 2021-2023 was carried out, which made it possible to outline the priority of purchases for consumers through online services and the prospects of the online services market. The value of scientific research is emphasized by the identified reasons for the dynamic growth in the volume of online service orders and the indicated ways of strengthening economic security in the virtual world. In conclusion, in order to achieve sustainable economic development, it’s advisable for Ukraine to deepen the country’s technological stability, develop production capabilities, implement innovative developments and digital technologies, adhere to the principles of environmental friendliness and inclusiveness in the course of economic activity, and try to consistently transform the economic thinking of the population towards constructiveness, scale, and high efficiency. Promising areas of further research should be the study of changes in the structure of the country’s economy under the influence of achievements of scientific and technological progress and digital transformation.

FISCAL DEVIATION IN UKRAINE: THE INTERRELATIONSHIP OF CORRUPTION, TAX EVASION, AND TAX CONTROL

T. V. Medynska — 2025-05-20

The problem of fiscal deviation becomes particularly acute in the context of martial law, when the coun- try urgently needs to mobilize all available resources to ensure defense capability and maintain socio-economic stabil- ity. This article is dedicated to a comprehensive study of fiscal deviation in Ukraine, examining it as a systemic problem encompassing corruption, tax evasion, and closely linked to the effectiveness of tax control. The aim of the research is to identify and analyze the interrelationships between these key elements, their impact on the economic stability of the state, and to develop proposals for improving mechanisms to counteract fiscal deviation. The article considers fiscal deviation as a broader concept than just tax evasion, including also corruption and their impact on reducing budget revenues. Particular attention is paid to the shadow economy as an environment conducive to the development of fiscal deviation, and its relationship with corruption and tax evasion. An analysis of the causes of the spread of fiscal devia- tion in Ukraine is conducted, which, according to the authors, are: systemic corruption, weak institutions, the shadow economy, legislative instability, a low level of tax culture, and martial law. The paper analyzes in detail the role of tax control in the system of countering fiscal deviation. Various approaches to organizing tax control, as well as factors influencing its effectiveness, are examined. It is revealed that corruption is one of the main obstacles to effective tax control, as it creates favorable conditions for tax evasion and other forms of fiscal deviation. A set of measures aimed at strengthening tax control, reducing corruption in tax authorities, de-shadowing the economy, and raising the level of tax culture is proposed. The research is based on the analysis of scientific works, statistical data, legislative acts, and other relevant materials. It was concluded that fiscal deviation is not an isolated phenomenon but is closely linked to corruption, the shadow economy, and ineffective tax control.