ASPECTS OF STRENGTHENING MIGRATION SECURITY IN UKRAINE IN CURRENT CONDITIONS

Abstract

The article focuses on the issues of the development of migration processes in Ukraine under the condi- tions of the full-scale war and their impact on the aspects of Ukraine’s economic and social progress. The aim of the research is to elaborate methodological and applied solutions to ensure Ukraine’s migration security in the current conditions. The article presents a comprehensive study of migration processes in Ukraine caused by military actions and large-scale socio-economic transformations. It is demonstrated that the war has led to an unprecedented increase in external and internal migration: more than 6 million citizens are abroad as refugees or temporarily displaced per- sons, while over 3.5 million people remain internally displaced. It is determined that the main host countries for Ukrainian migrants are Poland, Germany, the Czech Republic, and other European Union member states. It is ana-lyzed that the scale of these processes results in significant imbalances in the labor market, reduced economic productivity, and increased threats to the long-term development of the state. It has been found that the key economic consequences of the intensification of migration are the loss of labor potential, the decline in domestic demand, the reduction in production volumes, the shortage of labor in strategically important industries, as well as the increasing risks of a “brain drain.” In the socio-humanitarian dimension, the deepening of the demographic crisis has been revealed, along with population aging, increased social vulnerability, worsening problems of integrating internally displaced persons into new communities, and growing pressure on the social security system. It is substantiated that migration processes have acquired the status of a factor of national security, while the issues of migration security have become one of the key challenges for Ukraine’s state policy. The necessity is emphasized of controlling large-scale migration flows, minimizing the negative consequences of external labor migration, creating conditions for citizens’ return, protecting their rights abroad, and establishing mechanisms to stimulate the integration of internally displaced persons into the socio-economic space of the country. It is proposed that strengthening Ukraine’s migration security under current conditions requires the development and implementation of new methodological and applied solutions, in particular the formation of a comprehensive state migration policy, the creation of economic and social incentives for the return of the population, the support of employment, the provision of conditions for the recovery and development of regions that have suffered the most, as well as the intensification of international cooperation. It is emphasized that only a strategically balanced migration management policy can transform the potential of migration processes from a critical challenge into a resource for reconstruction, economic growth, and sustainable development of Ukraine during wartime and the postwar period.